Monday, October 26, 2009
Project Schedule and System Diagram Updates
The update to the System Diagram was to note specifics such as EMC2 and Gecko 540 as the actual components being used.
Saturday, October 24, 2009
Controller PC Fires Up
I mentioned the new components that were purchased and the old parts that would be brought back into service to build the CNC Controller PC here. This morning I assembled everything and was relieved when the system fired up without a hitch. This first boot up was using the original boot drive that has Windows XP installed. Since I transferred the Windows license to my newer system when I built it a few years ago I am in a position where I need to either purchase another license for Windows and purchase Mach 3, or give Linux and EMC2 a go. I decided to try Linux/EMC2.
Information about the Enhance Machine Controller (EMC2) can be found here. Linux comes in different flavors, known as 'distros'. EMC2 comes bundled with the Linux distro known as Ubuntu. As a result, when you install EMC2 you also install the Ubuntu flavor of Linux. This turned out to be a painless process. It is possible to create an 'ISO image' of the OS and EMC2 application and then boot the system from a 'live' CD-ROM. Since the boot up from the CD went well I went ahead and installed everything on the hard drive. Here is the process I followed:
- Download the EMC2 Live CD file image from here (this takes awhile since it is a large file).
- Download CDBurnerXP, a freeware application capable of making 'ISO 9660 Image' discs.
- Burn the ISO Image to CD.
- Boot the controller system using the CD.
- Launch EMC2 application.
- Whoohoo! We are in business!
The next step will be configuring EMC2 for my controller hardware. Hopefully this will prove to be as easy as the basic installation.
Wednesday, October 21, 2009
CNC Controller Progress Report
Sunday, October 18, 2009
Avoid Release of Magic Smoke - Read the Documentation
While awaiting the delivery of the CNC Router kit one of the best uses of my time is to get the CNC Controller setup, configured and tested. When working with any type of electronic device it is important to avoid releasing any of the magic smoke hidden within. When the magic smoke is allowed to escape from an electrical component it usually ceases to work, clear evidence of the importance of the magic smoke to its proper functioning.
One of the best ways to avoid the inadvertent release of magic smoke is to make sure everything is connected correctly before applying power. To this end I will carefully review the following documents:
Thursday, October 15, 2009
Electrical Components Arrive
No excuse now for not making some progress this weekend.
PC Reanimation
- Keyboard and Mouse $23
- Video Card $40
- DVD ROM $19
- Mid-Tower Case $50
Monday, October 12, 2009
CNC Spending Spree
I placed an order with Fine Line Automation for the FLA100-00 Complete 2x3 Router Kit. This kit includes all of the hardware to build the CNC Router described in this post. The kit includes everything needed in the following categories:
- Fasteners
- Power Transfer Components
- Linear Motion Components
- 80/20 Aluminum Extrusion
- Stepper Motors (3)
- Parallel Cables
- Gecko G540
- Power Supply (48v/7.3A)
When the electrical items are delivered the process of setting up and configuring the CNC Controller system can begin. We are on or slightly ahead of the Project Schedule so far.
My goal for the remainder of the week is to build the PC that will be used for the CNC Controller. I am also considering using EMC2 under the Linux OS. Nate at Fine Line Automation mentioned in an email that he uses EMC2 rather that Mach3. I have found some information on how to create a bootable ISO image of Linux and EMC2 on a CD. It will either work or not. It seems worth a try before spending money on an OEM XP license and purchasing Mach3. My brother Vern has volunteered to provide 'phone support' on the Linux install. I will post on progress on the PC build soon.
Saturday, October 10, 2009
Project Ideas
This is a 'sticky' post to be updated regularly with CNC project ideas and requests.
- CNC Controller Box Panels
- Cable Chains
- Dust Cover
- Topography Templates for Classroom Visual Aid
- Norm Abram's Plantation Shutter Jigs
- Tele Style Guitar Body
- Tele Style Neck
- Tele Style Bakelite Pick Guard
- Signage for Optometry Practice (Dr. Eliza)
If you have some suggestions or requests leave a comment.
CRP/FLA-100-00 CNC Router
I refer to this as the CRP (CNC Router Parts)/FLA (Fine Line Automation)100-00 because this is the result of a collaboration between Ahren Johnson owner of CRP and Nate Lowrie proprietor of Fine Line Automation. From what I have gathered Nathan has joined in a partnership with Ahren to provide kits and component bundles for their CNC machine designs, the 100-00 being the first, that utilize the components offered by CRP, including the CRP linear motion carriages and rails. I imagine that Ahren provides the CRP specific components and Nate combines them with other hardware into convenient kits and bundles for builders like me. Since I hope to buy a kit I will just refer to this machine from now on as the FLA100-00 since Fine Line Automation is the kit supplier. You can find information about the FLA 100-00 here, including a link to download the open source plans.
The usable cutting area of the FLA100-00 is 24"x36". The frame is built from 80/20 aluminum extrusion and could be a bench top or free standing machine. It has only one drive for the gantry (three motors total), which is adequate for a 2' wide gantry. It utilizes ACME thread lead screws. This type of lead screw is much better than 'all thread' bar used by some basic machines built by hobbyists, but is not as efficient (or as expensive) as ball screws. It is a suitable choice for a mid-level machine. There is an informative build report by Matt Taylor that indicates that machine accuracy is adequate for my needs and recent improvements in the couplers provided in the kit may result in less backlash in the drive line thus improving the accuracy and repeatability reported by Matt.
The other important aspect of the design is the use of the CRP linear motion carriages and rails. The carriages utilize skate bearing along cold rolled plate rails. The cold roll process inherently produces a smooth consistent plate thickness and surface. This inherent accuracy is utilized by Ahren's carriage design. The rails could be surface ground for even greater flatness, etc. It is an cost-effective combination of readily available parts and materials combined to good advantage. I have some concern about debris on the rails causing problems, but a simple rail wiper/brush setup could mitigate this if there is a problem.
The complete ready-to-assemble kit, not including the stepper motors, is $1,300. The machine fits all of the criteria I established earlier here. Yes, I am stoked!
I agree with Matt Taylor's evaluation that this machine has found a good balance of cost and performance. Almost as important to me is having a complete ready-to-assemble kit that requires few if any specialized processes or tools that can be assembled quickly before, due to my short attention span, I loose interest in the project.
What do you think of this design?
Friday, October 9, 2009
PDJ Inc. Pilot Pro Dual Drive CNC Router
Thursday, October 8, 2009
Joe's 4x4 CNC Router
Joe made a significant contribution to the home brew CNC community by developing the the 2006 design and making them available free of charge. They can be found here. Joe offers a partial kit for both the 2006 and 4x4 Hybrid . The 4x4 Hybrid plans are available for $100 at Joe'sCNC.com.
I purchased the 4x4 plans and joined the private forum. What I received was a set of quality design drawings (assembly and detail parts) in a 27 page .pdf file. This document also included a fairly complete Bill of Material (BOM) with source information. At first I was disappointed that there was no assembly instructions, but I soon realized that the many build logs in the private 4x4 forum provide extensive information on the build process.
The machine is a 'hybrid' in that it combines steel uni-strut (for the base), 80/20 aluminum extrusion, MDF, and HDPE components. It has dual gantry drive lines and has a cutting area of 4'x4' (who would have thought!). It is a clever combination of materials resulting in a capable machine for a reasonable cost.
The private forum is very active and supportive from what I have observed. Some participants have contributed supplemental information such as a very complete Super BOM spreadsheet that includes some parts not included in the basic BOM and parts and sources for common options and alternatives.
There are build logs for many completed and in-process builds. Some have chosen to scale up the design to 8x8 or down to a 2x4 size, which would be my course of action due to my limited shop space.
Joe offers a kit of CNC routed MDF and HDPE parts, but the base, frame, rails and so forth require sourcing and some fabrication by the builder. The linear motion systems uses steel angle for rails and 'V' bearings.
I am very impressed with this design and the diligent support given it. It is a bit bigger than I would want given my space constraints and I would prefer a complete ready-to-assemble kit. The cost to build this machine would fit within my allocated budget.
Wednesday, October 7, 2009
Ken's Dream CNC Router Machine
Machine Type: The main choice here is a movable X-Y table or movable gantry configuration. I have concluded that movable gantry machines are the dominant configuration, especially for machines with larger cutting capacities. My preference is a movable gantry. With that decided the question of single or dual gantry motors needs to be considered. I had an informative email exchange with Ahren Johnson of CNC Router Parts. He indicated that his rule of thumb is that gantries wider than 2 feet benefit from a dual drive system (where each side of the gantry has a drive line). As width increases the tendency for the gantry to rack between the ways increases. Narrower gantries (2' or less) can be driven well with a single centered drive line. So this decision is dependent on the machine size chosen.
Cutting Area: I have concluded that a minimum of a 2' x 3' cutting area will suffice for most projects I currently have in mind. I plan to machine the profile and contours of bolt-on guitar necks with the machine. Bass guitar neck blanks are approximately 34 inches in length so this should just fit in a machine with a 3' capacity.
Size: This of course is related to the cutting area required. In my case I have very limited shop space so although I might like a bit larger machine to accommodate larger projects in the future space constraints dictate that the best choice would be a bench top sized machine.
Moreover, I live in a typical suburban housing tract in Temecula, CA. The city of Temecula has stringent noise ordinances. Currently my use of hand and table routers is intermittent. You do a setup, turn on the screaming banshee, make a cut or two. Turn the little screamer off. Rinse and Repeat. Things will be different with a CNC Router. A roughing and finishing cut on a complex 3D carving might run for an extended time. This could be more than even easy going and tolerant neighbors could take. The smaller the machine is the easier it will be to enclose it to reduce the noise level. The noise issue may also warrant looking into a true milling spindle with VFD.
Another aspect of size is the router spindle itself. My envisioned uses will require more than a trim router can handle and less than a 3 hp big boy. I have always liked my versatile and venerable Porter Cable 690. This class of router would be adequate.
Tolerance: My primary use for the router will be profiling wood and plastic material, and possibly engraving brass. Precision and repeatability within a few thousandths of an inch would be adequate for my purposes.
Materials and Tools: My shop is setup primarily for woodworking. With the correct saw blade I can cut aluminum material, but I am not setup for steel fabrication. I have a pedestal drill press but I would prefer that components be supplied pre-drilled, especially if close tolerances are required. Jobing out some fabrication work would be an option for a small number of components. I like, no I love, many forms of wood, but it is not my first choice for a machine tool material. A bolt-together aluminum machine would be my first choice.
Given my tendency to start and not finish things I would be wise (know thy self) to go with a complete kit rather than attempting a build-from-plans project, even though the cost may be more. Remember the three options? You get to choose any two. For a given level of performance I can choose lower cost (more DIY) or a quicker schedule (less work and time on my part).
Budget: Thanks to a small windfall I have been able to set aside the funds needed to do this project. My goal is to have a functioning system, the controller, machine and basic software for $3K. I am willing to spend more if warranted, however this is my first foray into CNC. I do not consider it to be a 'now or never' situation to build the ultimate machine. This is a learning experience and there are more than a few participants in the CNC forums that are on their 2nd or 3rd build. If this project goes well I may eventually scale up in size and capability, if and when I have the good fortune to have a dedicated shop space.
For those who think: Wow, 3 grand for a tool! I may have more to say about this, but for now I will just say that for me this project will result in more than a CNC Router. It is adding to what can be referred to (by Thomas Sowell and others) as my 'human capital'. A topic that my daughters are probably tired of hearing about from me.
How about you? What do you think of my decisions? What kind of CNC Router would you build? Leave a comment.
Tuesday, October 6, 2009
Glacial Wanderer's CNC and the 'Ultimate' Source
Although there is a lot of information in forums such as the cnczone.com it is difficult to wade through various threads to quickly get a general understanding of the whys and what fors of CNC routers. It is there, but you have to troll for it. I came across a site that is attempting to provide a source of comprehensive information about buying or building a CNC machine. It is definitely a work in progress as some pages are just placeholders for things to come. I hope those responsible will keep at the project. I plan to make a donation since I have already benefited from the information there and I want to encourage the author(s) to continue. It is called the CNC Router Source. Take a look. There is a lot of information there and hopefully more to come. I am sure I will reference this site again in future posts.
Part of this site includes a page on Key Design Decisions which I have used to help clarify what I am looking for in my first CNC Router. The the key decisions described there are:
- Mobile bed or mobile gantry
- Required cutting area
- Machine size requirements
- Tolerance requirements
- Materials and Tools
- Budget
In my next post I will consider these key decisions and maybe a few more. Then, armed with these parameters, I can begin to evaluate some of the available CNC Router plans and kits and choose the one that is best for me.
Monday, October 5, 2009
CNC Project Schedule - Phase 1
- Project Preparation
- Ordering and Deliveries
- CNC Controller Prep
- CNC Router Build
Project Preparation is on the plate for the next week or two. This will include specifying the requirements for the router (complete). Unless I clearly define the key criteria for the machine it would be just a matter of luck to select the right option.
The next step is to evaluate the most promising CNC router designs and kits (complete) informed by the previously defined criteria. Once the router configuration is known the parameters for the CNC Controller, including the power supply requirements, can be determined and sourcing for the hardware can be decided and orders placed. Then evaluation of controller software can be tackled as time allows since there shouldn't be much lead time to get the software.
While waiting for the CNC Router kit to arrive work can be done on the Controller and the table/platform for the router.
Hopefully all will be ready to assemble during the Thanksgiving week.
CNC System Diagram
Sunday, October 4, 2009
Every Project Needs a Plan
This image is from a 3D model of the CRP 100 router. It uses a linear motion mechanism that I am really impressed with. This hardware is sold by CNC Router Parts and plans for the CRP 100 are free to download! It is a design that makes excellent use of the characteristics of the materials used. It is likely that we will be looking into these linear motion mechanisms in future posts.
Now to the subject at hand. It is time to think a bit about what this project involves, at least in outline. I have a general idea of the main pieces needed, so let's begin. We can fill in the details as we go along.
First, I am thinking it would be nice to use the Thanksgiving holiday to assemble the actual CNC Router. If things go well in the assembly and setup perhaps a turkey carving attachment could be designed. This would create great excitement around the table! However, I would hope to just get the basic assembly complete during that week.
I have pretty much decided that a kit would be the best approach for me rather than having to source all parts and materials and building from plans. Based on what I have seen so far CNC kit purveyors require up to 4 weeks of lead time to deliver a kit. Many of the businesses that serve the hobby CNC market are cottage industries that probably order their material only after receiving a firm customer order. This would mean making my final decision and placing an order no later than mid-October for a kit (i.e. in the next week or so). That is a useful data point. I will need to structure my plan so that I make good use of the 4 weeks of waiting time. Otherwise this will be a very slow moving blog and project.
Here are the major capabilities, activities or items that need to be in place for a complete system:
- Create Part Geometry (2D and 3D) - CAD and Drawing Applications
- Create Tool Paths and G-Code Files - CAM Application
- PC-based CNC Controller - Hardware and Software
- CNC Power Supply and Drivers
- Configure and Test Controller/Driver/Stepper Motor Sub-System
- Build Router Stand/Table
- Router Machine Assembly and Setup
- Testing and Tuning
I will detail out a project plan and get it posted this week. It will be fun to watch the plan depart from reality as things go along!
Saturday, October 3, 2009
Alibre Design Deal - To Good to Pass Up
What is a CNC Router?
Project Cost Sheet
Video Card - $40
DVD ROM - $19
Mid-Tower Case - $50
- (3) 380 oz.-in. NEMA 23 Stepper Motors
- (3) 12' CNC Motor Cables
- (1) Gekco G540 4-Axis Stepper Drive
- (1) 48v/7.3A DC Power Supply
Joe's 4x4 CNC Router Plans - $100
PDJ Pilot Pro Plans DVD - $34
CNC Router
Fine Line Automation FLA100-00 Complete Kit (single start Z) - $1290
About Sticky Posts
Let me know how this idea is working out for you in the comments!
CNC Power to the People!
During the 1990s another computer-driven revolution was underway - CNC (Computer Numerical Control) for the individual! Increasingly one could build or otherwise acquire the tools needed to design an item and manufacture it using CNC. Capability that in the past was reserved for only well capitalized manufacturing businesses was becoming available on a personal scale.
I have dabbled with the prospect of adding CNC capability to my shop arsenal for years, but now the time has come and I have much to learn. This blog is about my process of learning about, planning for, acquiring, building and using my own CNC Router system - from CAD to chips. Let the transformation from CNC 'Newbie' to 'not-so-Newbie' begin!